What is the order of modifiers

The rules for applying field modifiers are outlined in JLS 8.3.1:

• A modifier cannot be specified more than once.
• Multiple access modifiers cannot be used simultaneously.

While the order of modifiers is technically free, the conventional sequence generally followed is:

@Annotations, access (public/private/protected),
static final transient volatile

For method modifiers, requirements are detailed in JLS 8.4.3:

• The same requirements as for field modifiers.
• When used with abstract, only protected or public can be used.
• A native method cannot use strictfp.

Similarly, while not required, the following order is recommended:

@Annotations, access (public/private/protected),
abstract static final synchronized native strictfp